Monday, December 30, 2019

The Curse Of Imperialism And Its Effects On Indian...

Mahatma Gandhi, a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement against Britain once said, â€Å"Violent nationalism, otherwise known as imperialism, is a curse.† This curse of imperialism is shown all throughout Kamala Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve. Nectar in a Sieve is about the pain and suffering an Indian woman, named Rukmani, goes through in order to survive in British-ruled India. The presence of British imperialism in India negatively affects Rukmani and other Indians by making survival even harder for them. Throughout history, imperialism can be seen destroying the economies and committing cultural genocide of the countries being imperialized for the personal gain of the imperializing country. Geopolitics played an important role in India being sought by Britain because India had natural resources, readily-available cheap labor, an abundance of raw materials, and was the center of trade in Asia. Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve conveys imperialism a s a system of dominance, rather than global progress, by writing about how British presence corrupted the social and economic order in India, destroyed India’s economy, and how Rukmani and Kenny’s relationship is a microcosm of the imbalance of power between India and Britain. To begin, Markandaya conveys imperialism as a system of dominance through social and economic hierarchical changes in the novel. Before the British arrive in India, a person’s caste level was determined by which caste they born into. They wouldShow MoreRelatedDbq Essay Impacts Of New Imperialism3241 Words   |  13 Pageshistorical information not mentioned in the documents. Question: After the defeat of Napoleon in Europe and the subsequent liberation movements in the Americas, Europeans began to look at Africa and Asia for future imperial conquests. This new imperial attitude was known as New Imperialism to distinguish it from the previous Age of Discovery. Analyze the impacts of New Imperialism (1800-1914) on the various regions of world. Document 1 (Background: Many white people felt that they were morally responsibleRead MoreNotes18856 Words   |  76 PagesChapter 4 Colonialism and the African Experience Virtually everything that has gone wrong in Africa since the advent of independence has been blamed on the legacies of colonialism. Is that fair? Virtually all colonial powers had â€Å"colonial missions.† What were these missions and why were they apparently such a disaster? Did any good come out of the African â€Å"colonial experience†? Introduction Colonization of Africa by European countries was a monumental milestone in  ­ the developmentRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesmode of escape from oppression and poverty and, in many instances, as an avenue toward advancement for an unprecedented number of people that soared well into the hundreds of millions by century’s end. But for a clear majority of these migrants, movement was coerced by flight from war and oppression or was enticed by labor recruiters who preyed on the desperately poor. The prospects for the great majority were almost invariably lives of drudge labor in urban sweatshops, on tropical plantationsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesgeneralizations and panacea-like prescriptions appear regularly in the popular management literature. To ensure the validity of the behavioral guidelines being prescribed, the learning approach must include scientifically based knowledge about the effects of the management principles being presented. Second, individuals must be aware of their current level of skill competency and be motivated to improve upon that level in order to benefit from the model. Most people receive very little feedback about

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Friendship Essay My Best Friend - 684 Words

She doesn’t know this, but she changed my life. She was there for me when it seemed like no one else was. When most of my friends were dissolving around me and I just didn’t feel like I could do anything right, she was there, and she made everything seem okay. It didn’t matter that I was inevitably going to graduate with a GPA a tenth of a point lower than I wanted, or that my director told me that he was disappointed in me because I just didn’t seem focused lately, or that my other friends just weren’t talking to me anymore. It didn’t matter because she was there and she made me feel safe. She’s my best friend, and I love her and admire her for so many different reasons. It seems that, no matter the situation, she knows exactly what will†¦show more content†¦We’ve gone swimming in November, rolled down the car windows and barked at pedestrians, and stayed up until 6 am playing cards. We’ve known each other so long that we don’t even have to finish our entire sentence before the other one knows what we’re trying to say and responds. She knows what I’m thinking before I say it, and she knows how I feel before I do. In some ways we’re polar opposites, but at the same time, we almost seem to share a brain. In fact, most of our conversations are peppered with exclamations of, â€Å"I’m so glad I’m not the only one who does that,† and, â€Å"That’s exactly what I’ve been trying to say!† I am constantly amazed by her ability to stay strong through situations in which most people would crumble. When everything in her life was going wrong, instead of collapsing under the stress and the fear, she opened herself up to learn from it, and to become a better person. Through these experiences, she has learned not to waste her time worrying. She doesn’t hesitate to do what makes her happy, doesn’t worry about pleasing everyone, and doesn’t let small setbacks bother her, and I hope that I can be as strong and high-spirited as I have seen her be. I must confess that this essay isn’t about anyone I know; it’s about everyone I know. I have always had the support of my parents, and am lucky enough to have a wide circle of friends, so I find it hard to choose any one person over the other. Lately,Show MoreRelatedFriendship Essay : My Best Friend785 Words   |  4 Pageselementary school in Ankeny. My school only had two hallways. I enjoyed elementary school because everyone was friends with everyone. I always had someone to play with at recess and to sit with at lunch. When I began middle school I had a large group of friends whom I had known from elementary school. My group of friends consisted of my best friend, Laura, and four other girls. After a couple years Laura and I realized that our friends were nothing like us. Our friends were judgemental and immatureRead MorePsychology Tma021554 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast the approach to studying children’s friendships taken in the Bigelow and L a Gaipa (1975) study with that taken by William Corsaro. In this essay you will read about the many similarities and differences of the study and research of children’s friendships expectations, which were approached by Bigelow and La Gaipa (1975) and William Corsaro (2006). Firstly I will introduce both of the different approaches and methods and I will then later go into the results of their work.Read MoreEssay about Emersons Friendship737 Words   |  3 PagesEmersons Friendship I believe that in his essay, â€Å"Friendship†, Emerson’s main point is that people should not be afraid to expand their friendly horizons. They should more try to open up and be honest with people. The essay investigates simply how to be more open with others and gives tips on differentiating between true friends and those whom we just refer to as friends. There are many people whom we speak to and meet on an everyday basis. In everyday conversations we show othersRead MoreWhy Lovers Could Never Be Friends876 Words   |  4 Pages Are friends capable of being lovers and still have stable friendships? Are people able to be lovers and then able to be friends? Will their relationship be efficient or will it dissolve? This is the great controversial question; can people be both friends and lovers. There are some who believe in friends with benefits, who have a sexual relationship and are still able to hold a stable friendship. There are people that believe there is no such thing as love or friendship, it’s merely just a chemicalRead MoreWhat Are The Similarities Between Harry Potter And The Sorcerers Stone708 Words   |  3 Pagesfound out he is a wizard and goes to hogwarts. He make a friend on the train named Ron and both get chosen into house gryffindor. They find out that that there teacher Snape is stealing the sorcere r’s stone and they try to stop him. In Booked by Kwame Alexander. Nick finds out his parents are getting divorced and this shocks Nick’s world. But He has his friends help him through it. In this Essay you will be seeing the similar theme in friendship, the similar symbols using a sports and the differingRead MoreWho Is Who You Call Friend? Essay992 Words   |  4 PagesMy goal in my essay Be Mindful Of Who You Call friend was to make people aware of how people can betray you .People become blinded by the years of friendship, and let their guard down. Without ever expecting the backstabbing, and the lies .Like they always say be careful of who you call friend. I wanted to let people know to watch their backs. Someone who I loved as a brother. Who I let into my home with never any hesitation robbed me, and I never saw it coming. You will never understand the reasonRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Crash 1085 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause of his choices and his lifestyle until later he realized something about Penn that he was his meant- to- be best friend. Crash has a wonderful life, until life deals him a hand that he could not have expected. When Crash s grandfather unexpectedly has a stroke, Crash instinctively steps back and re-evaluates his life without even realizing he s doing it. Suddenly, his cool friend, Mike doesn’t seem so cool anymore. Things that were once the most important in his life become trivial. As a resultRead MoreHow Friendship Can Not Be Defined Because No One1627 Words   |  7 PagesTitle? In this essay I will talk about how the term â€Å"friendship† cannot be defined because no one can judge other people’s personal value of what a friend is to them. Friendship is used in many contexts because of technology and how it is used from different levels of personal, formal, and informal meaning I believe that â€Å"friendship† can be on all three levels. The personal level is the friends who are intimate with you. The personal term for friendships is â€Å"intimacy†. The second level that I believeRead MoreTaking a Look at Nicomachean Ethics957 Words   |  4 Pagesabout how the virtuous human being needs friends from Book VIII from Nicomachean Ethics. In this essay I will talk about the three different kinds of friendship that (Utility, Pleasure, and Goodness) that Aristotle claims exist. I will also discuss later in my paper why Aristotle believes that Goodness is the best type of friendship over Utility or Pleasure. In addition to that I wi ll also talk about the similarities and differences that these three friendships share between one another. And lastlyRead MoreEssay On Social Penetration Theory1328 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelop through self-disclosure. (Griffin, Ledbetter Sparks 2015) Through self-disclosure, closeness develops as the relationship continues to grow. To present Social Penetration Theory, I am choosing to write about a personal experience on how my best friend Taylor and I became close. I will be explaining on how Taylor and I developed our relationship overtime through self-disclosure and personality structure. As Taylor and I’s relationship grew, I continued to get to know her until we reached a deeper

Saturday, December 14, 2019

CHAPTER 4 TERMINOLOGY Free Essays

CHAPTER 4 1) TERMINOLOGY Microcredit| The granting of credit, often without collateral, to low-income individuals or entrepreneurs. Microcredit also refers to microloan| Group lending| Group of individuals provide collateral for loans to members of that group through a group repayment pledge| Collateral| Asset pledge by a borrower to secure a loan| ROSCAs| Rotating savings and credit associations (Stokvel)Associations formed by a group of participants who agree to make regular contributions to a fund. The fund is given in part or in total to each contributor| Micro savings| Deposit services that allow low-income individuals to accumulate small amounts of money for future use. We will write a custom essay sample on CHAPTER 4 TERMINOLOGY or any similar topic only for you Order Now Often without a minimum balance| Micro insurance| Provision of insurance to low-income households| NASASA| National Stokvel Association of South Africa| SACCOL| Savings and Credit Cooperative League| SAMAF| South African Microfinance Apex Fund| 2) Motives behind savings decisions Insurance against disability, illness, sudden income losses * Protection against uneven income streams due to seasonal variations * Wealth accumulation to finance a household’s long term goals such as acquiring productive assets like land or housing, or consumer durables refrigerators * Savings for future investments and retirements 3) MEMBER-BASED FINANCIAL SERVICES * Stokvel * Cooperative financial institutions * Cooperative banks * Friendly societies * Mutual banks 4) STOKVEL A Stokvel is a group or association of individuals who make regular contributions to a pool of savings or common fund. Generally on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly. In many stokvels the pool is given total or in part to each contributor on a strictly rotational basis. 4. 1 FEATURES OF STOKVEL * The arrangement between the members of a stokvel is rarely formalized in a written agreement * Stokvel is directed by the common bond that exists between members * Strong social motives to participate The key economic reason for participation is to accumulate cash and obtain credit * Members of as stokvel who receive the pool of funds early in the stokvel cycle are in the position of borrowers * Members receiving the pool at a late stage of the cycle lenders 4. 2 TYPES OF STOKVEL * TRADISIONAL STOKVEL: Earliest form of stokvel and are general savings clubs that rotate pooled funds to members on a mutual agreed basis BURIAL SOCIETIES: Is established to assist members with funeral cost. Formed between people with a common bond such as same church. * INVESTMENT STOKVEL: save or bank the pool of savings with the objective of carrying out capital projects or investing in a business venture. Members are generally more affluent and make higher contributions 4. 3 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK According to the common bond exemption notice could be formal or informal rotating scheme , with social or economic functions * mutual support to each other towards the attainment of specific objectives * establishes a continuous pool of capital by raising funds with the subscription of its members * grant credit to and on behalf of the members * provide for members to share in profit and nominated management * relies on self-imposed regulation to protect the interest of the members The conditions applicable to stokvel Purpose of self-regulation, a stokvel must be a member of or affiliated to the NASASA * Must not allow a member at any time to withdraw his/her contribution * Benefits of t he members of the stokvel shall not be provided exclusively by ways of loans * Must keep accounting records that reflect the state of affairs * Must produce annual financial statements within 120 days of its financial year end * If the subscription from members is less than R3 million a report by an accountant and auditor is not required ) COOPERATIVE FINANCIAL INSTITUTION A association of persons who are united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspiration through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. The values are self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. Cooperative members believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others Cooperative financial institutions are offering banking related services to their members. They accept savings from their members and in turn provide them with credit facilities 5. 1 PRINCIPLES * voluntary and open membership and non-discriminatory membership * democratic member control * member economic participation * autonomy, independence, self-help organisation * education and training for cooperative members * elected representative * information provision to the pubic * cooperation among cooperatives to strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national regional and international structures * concern for community The also adopt additional principles because they are operating as financial intermediaries * mutual aid * margin management * risk management 5. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK According to the common bond exemption notice * Have a similar occupation or profession or common employer * Have a common membership in an association. Religious, social, cooperative, labour or educational group * Reside in the same defined community or district Conditions applicable to savings and credit cooperative Must be a member of SACCOL * Rules must not allow a member to withdraw his or her contribution at any time * Benefits must not be provided exclusively by way of loans that must be repaid * Must keep accounting records that reflect the state of affairs and business * Must produce annual financial statements within 120 days of the end of financial years * If the subscription from members is less than R3 million a report by an accountant and auditor is not required The COOPERATIVE FINANCIAL INSTITUTION are exempted from the Bank Act if they follow the conditions * Activities of financial services must be performed solely in respect of its members * Members must be of a defined geographical area. * They may not refer to itself as a bank * They may not hold deposits from members of more than 20 million * Must comply to the Cooperative Act They must submit itself to the supervision and regulations of the SAMAF * They must register as a Credit provider with the National credit Act 6) COOPERATIVE BANKS Cooperative banks: provide its members with a range of banking and financial services. The members are at the same time the owners and the customers of the bank. 6. 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF COOPERATIVE BANK * are of similar occupation or profession * are employed by a common employer * are employed within the same business district have common membership in an association or organization, including a business professional, religious, social or educational group * reside within the same defined community or geographical area 6. 2 FEATURES OF COOPERATIVE BANKS * Cooperative banks are customer-owned entities * Cooperative banks are under democratic member control * Cooperative banks allocate net profit to members * Cooperative banks are deeply rooted in their communities 6. 3 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK All Cooperative banks and cooperative financial institutions must be registered with the registrar of cooperative * Cooperative banks that have 200 members or more and that hold members deposits in excess of R20 million must be supervised by the Supervisor of Cooperative banks appointed by the SARB * Cooperative banks that have 200 members or more and that hold members deposits in excess of R1 million but less than R20 million must be supervised by the Supervisor of Cooperative banks appointed by the CBDA * Savings and credit cooperatives with 200 or less members and member deposits less than R1 million are supervised by SACCOL * Fin ancial service cooperative with 200 or fewer members and member deposits of less than R1 million are supervised by SAMAF 7) FRIENDLY SOCIETIES Also known as mutual aid societies are mutual assistance; the members share a common bond and are the owners of the society 7. 1 SERVICES INCLUDED * Providing relief during minority, old age, widowhood and sickness * Granting annuities and endowments * Payments on the birth of a child or death of family members * Payments of funeral expenses * Insurance of tools used in members trade * Financial assistance on resignation or dismissal * Unemployment relief * Provision of funds for education or training 7. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK May offer relief in old age but may not provide retirement benefits * They are permitted to grant annuities, but the amount of the premium for which an annuity is provided may not exceed R5000 per member * They may offer long-term policies, including death, funeral , life, health and endowment policies, but th e value of policy benefits may not exceed R5000 8) MUTUAL BANKS As with banks mutual banks accept deposits from the general public, provide payment services such as cheques and electronic transfers and make available credit such as overdrafts, home, term or asset-backed loans. There are only two mutual banks in SA V GBS Mutual bank in Grahamstown and VBS Mutual bank in Mthatha 8. MUTUAL BANKS DIFFER FROM BANKS A) Ownership * Mutual banks are not required to be a public company as a bank. * Banks are owned by shareholders and shares are traded on the JSE. * Shareholders in banks share in the profit through dividends. * Mutual banks are owned by their members. * Members of mutual banks receive returns on their investments B) Minimum capital requirement * Mutual banks require R10 million * Banks require R250 million C) Basel 11 * Mutual banks are still being regulated and supervised under the 1988 Basel capital Accord * Banks are regulated under the amended capital accord 26 June 2004 8. 2 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Meet certain capital adequacy requirements * Maintain a minimum reserve balance of approximately 2,5 % * Hold liquid assets of not less than 5% of its liabilities to the public * Carry on its business subject to certain restrictions. May not be exposed to any individual person in excess of 10% of qualifying capital and reserves without board approval and in excess of 25% without approval of the Registrar of bank * Give detail monthly and quarterly returns showing various risk exposures 9. OTHER MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS Micro lenders make small amounts of credit available to low-income individuals. Loans are generally unsecured. Number of reasons why people do need loans. But in SA the micro lenders industry has a reputation for poor governance unsound credit risk management, exploitive and predatory lending practice All non-bank credit providers must register with the National Credit Regulator and comply with the National Credit Act accept if * Credit provider have fewer than 100 credit agreements * Credit provider has an outstanding loan book less than R500 000 9. 1 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT * A micro-insurance regulatory framework that strives to establish well supervised micro-insurers * Legislation to encourage greater completion in the retail banking sector * Deposit insurance to protect bank depositors in the event of a bank failure 10. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RISK MANAGEMENT A TYPICAL RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK of the MFI WOULD ADRESS THE FOLLOWING * Risk philosophy: The MFI belief, how do you do business * Risk appetite: This describes the amount of risk the MFI is willing to accept * Risk culture: This is the shared attitude, values, beliefs and practices how the MFI manage risk * Risk policies and principles: Principles that guide the MFI to provide a basis for consistent decision making and resource allocation * Risk management structure: This states the report line, roles, responsibilities and authority of the board * Staff and other resources: Competent and adequate staff with technical knowledge and experience How to cite CHAPTER 4 TERMINOLOGY, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

In music, an aria da capo or song of the head in English is a piece that is divided into three parts Essay Example For Students

In music, an aria da capo or song of the head in English is a piece that is divided into three parts Essay In music, an aria da capo or song of the head in English is a piece that is divided into three parts. The first part is set in one mood or key, the second is set in a completely different one, and the third is simply a repeat perhaps slightly altered of the first section. Early in the twentieth century it was considered fashionable for playwrights to write stories and plays around musical structures. This habit gave even political theater an uncommon kind of grace. This is the method which Edna St. Vincent Millay chose to use when she constructed her comedic satire Aria da Capo after the First World War. Three appears to the magic number in this play because, not only is the play phrased in three parts, it also represents three worlds and uses three levels to communicate its message. Satirical, symbolic, and superficial levels are all employed by St. Vincent Millay in order to clearly scroll out her message. St. Vincent Millay bluntly whacks the viewer over the head with the superficial layer of the play. Pierrot and Columbine live in an upscale apartment and engage in idle chat and enjoying the pleasures of life. This little shining moment of absurd happiness and pastoral ideas is grimly interrupted when the loud Dionysis insists that the play be turned over to him and his actors. Pierrot and Columbine reluctantly agree. Thyris and Cory then take over the stage in which they act out the story of two shepherds playing a game. Each shepherd gets half of the field and a wall separates the two halves. The two actors have no props to call their own, so they must make due with what is available on stage. During the play of the shepherds Columbine and Pierrot repeatedly interrupt, ignoring the shepherds. Eventually, Cory and Thyris kill each other out of greed and their bodies lie in the middle of the stage. Pierrot and Columbine then reclaim the stage to continue their play, only hiding the hideous remains of the previous play behind a paper sheet. In the simple meaning of the play, two people kill each other and no one cares. *That, in it self, makes a statement. St. Vincent Millay uses this layer of the plays depth to simply give a glimpse of what the play holds within its other layers. Satire drips off of every inch of the play. In a complex way, St. Vincent Millay gently mocks other ideas in writing in order to boost her satiric efforts. An example of Millays use of subtle mocking of other great writers is her spoof on Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet with Pierrot declaring that one should swear on mutton rather than the moon because he can sink his tooth into mutton. Also with the character Pierrot, she takes the idea of every man used by such playwrights as Ingmar Bergman and nails it to the wall for all to plainly see. Pierrot often announces I am becomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, each time finishing the phrase with a different occupation. He also claims that he is a philanthropist, student, socialist, and a master actor. Through Pierrots every man, St. Vincent Millay takes the opportunity to satirize each person he becomes. Being a socialist, he claims that he loves humanity, but hates people. As a philanthropist he claims that he is one because he feels restless, or is very promiscuous. In the matter of acting he claims that all one needs to become a great actor is blonde hair and to be lacking of an education. Further playing on Pierrot, St. Vincent Millay uses his tendency to be so swift about changing his mind combined with his inane, inconsistent conversations with Columbine to satirize how shallow, self centered, and uncaringly blind to the rest of the world the upper class can be. .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .postImageUrl , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:hover , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:visited , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:active { border:0!important; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:active , .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u86ff493381959a4f6eeb25d244a4001d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Progression of Music EssayThis is further shown after the characters of Cory and Thyris murder each other on stage and Columbine and Pierrot continue their play as though nothing has happened. This is St. Vincent Millays response to the World War I. She states, through her satire, that the upper class did nothing while their lower class counterparts were off killing and being killed over something that she saw as petty. She also takes attack on human greed with the two shepherds preoccupation with the colored stones. To even further the point, St. Vincent Millay has pieces of paper represent stones instead of using actual stones to show how petty the fight really is. St. Vincent Millay heavily uses symbolism to show off her point, especially with characters. Each character represents one of three worlds, or at least a piece of one. Pierrot, who has been established as distorted every man, represents the world of the rich and careless. He spends the play engaging in pointless conversation with Columbine, drinking wine, and trying to lure Columbine into the bedroom. Columbine, a symbol of how St. Vincent Millay viewed women of the time as flighty, impressionable, and loose, also represents part of the world of the wealthy. She spends the play asking empty questions such as dont you love me, Pierrot? and is this your artichoke? Both these answers do not concern her at all because she will do the same, regardless the answer. Both Pierrot and Columbine incessantly interrupt the shepherds play and take no notice that they are slaying each other. They are too busy in their own affairs to take notice or even care that their fellow humans are slaughtering one another. Cory and Thyris represent the world of the middle and lower classes. They also show the pettiness of war and its causes. The two shepherds, who begin the play as best of friends, play a game in which they build a wall between them. They end up murdering each other because they each realize the other has something they want on his side of the wall. This is symbolic of how nations build walls between each other for petty reasons and end up in war because each wants everything on its own side of the wall. Dionysis, the least noticed, yet most symbolic character in the play, represents a third and rather mystical world. St. Vincent Millay, who wrote during the time of such authors as F. Scott Fitzgerald, used him to represent a sort of moral decay. As the shepherds, Cory and Thyris, occasionally drift off from their game and become friends again, Dionysis, sometimes angrily, sets them back on the path of destruction. He, being the director of the shepherds tragic play, is the cause of their deaths. He initiated their fight and also provided the elements of their eradication: the stones and the poison weed. At the same time as using Dionysis as a symbol of moral decay, St. Vincent Millay wields him as a weapon to take a stab at God, Fate, Destiny, or whatever she may have felt controlled the universe. Dionysis ruled over the shepherds play and intentionally created its downfall. He purposely caused the shepherds to turn to cold blood, while at the same time attempting constantly to withdraw attention from what really is occurring on stage. Habitually during the argument of Thyris and Cory, Dionysis walks around the stage, pours wine, makes gestures off stage, or attempts to woo Columbine. Just the fact that he is more interested in Columbine shows that he cares little for the two busy killing each other and is out, rather, to service his own needs. That is what St. Vincent Millay is conveying what she thinks about the almighty power. The wall is by far the most symbolic element of the play, though. It represents all that separates people: greed, selfishness, fear, and hate. It is in bright color and the rest of the play is black and white, helping bring its contrast to its environment. This color contrast helps convey the message, in addition to its other messages, that color separates people. .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .postImageUrl , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:hover , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:visited , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:active { border:0!important; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:active , .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5 .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u11068479de013fd5da9b8fe1051c4bb5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Fascination of Pop Music EssayIt comes up between two brothers and they kill each other because a silly paper wall is keeping one from stones and the other from water. St. Vincent Millay uses this to simply say war, borders, greed, selfishness, and color are just as petty mediators as a paper wall. In music, an aria da capo or song of the head in English is a piece that is divided into three parts. The first part is set in one mood or key, the second is set in a completely different one, and the third is simply a repeat perhaps slightly altered of the first section. This is the same structure Edna St. Vincent Millay used when she wrote he comedic satire Aria da Capo. Not only is the play phrased in three parts, but St. Vincent Millay also used three different layers in which to convey her message. Although this is true, the play is so cleverly orchestrated that it doesnt rant or polemicize in that it doesnt really hand out any argument to disagree with. It just shows, in skillful symbolism and satire, a rich society ignoring the carnage of its lower classes in a distant war.